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Home > Regions > Cities > Bratislava - History

Bratislava

HISTORY

The foundation of Bratislava like strategic center for the economy, the culture and the political life, in contrast and competition to others important European centers, has not been a case. Its position was much favorable one, because it was found to the crossing of numerous roads trades them and this was fundamental because centers rose live to you. According to the archaeological searches the first colonies have had origin in the paleolitico, that is 5000 years B.C. Later the medioevale city is been born on the fortified center of the Celts (Oppidium). This celtic colony was quite three times larger regarding the medioevale city. In the 5th Century A.C., after a short parenthesis of a Romanesque takeover, in the zone where hour rises Bratislava they allocated the first takeovers of Slavs. The first historical sources that speak about put into effect them Bratislava go back to the 907, then called Bresalauspruch.

During the 10th and 11th century the territory of Bratislava became a little part of the newborn Hungarian state. In the 1291 Hungarian king Andrew III. granted to Pressburg (Bratislava) i "the citizens privileges", the title of independent city, the autonomy in the choice of own "mayor", and others important prerogatives like the possibility to develop own free economy and independent market.

In the 1465 the king Matthias Corvinus founded the first Hungarian and Slovak university (Accademia Istropolitana). After the Turkish occupation of Buda, in the 1536 Pressburg became the capital city of Hungary. During more than two hundred years in the gothic St. Martin's Cathedral have been crown 11 kings and 8 queens

The most famous monarchs between sovereigns crowned here has been sure the Emperor Maria Theresia.Under its reign the city woke up, and knew its more flourishing period. The aspect of the city changed remarkablly, with the construction of sumptuous palaces that still today can be admire to you. In this period the city was attended also by famous personages of music, like as an example Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven and later also by Listz.

In the 19th century the Pressburg city was witness of some important historical vicissitudes. In 1805 after the battle of the three emperors near Austerlitz (it Slavkov in the Boemia puts into effect them) was signed in exactly Hall of the Mirrors of the Primate's Palace the peace between Napoleon Bonaparte and the Austrian Emperor Francis I (calls Peace of Pressburg). Forty years after it was signed in the same one knows it the document that it abolished the servitude.

On 1 January 1919 la the city, with the Slovak name of Bratislava, entered to make part of the Czechoslovakia new. But in the 1968 Bratislava it only becomes the understood one them of Slovakia, after the company of the law that sanctioned Czechoslovakia like one federation of two distinguished republics (the Czech and Slovak republic). The division then happened in definitive way on 1 January 1993, when Bratislava became the Capital city of the independent Slovak Republic.

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